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refractor.io > biology > dinosaurs-2025

Digging up the past: Important dinosaur discoveries of the year

3+ mon, 12+ hour ago  (216+ words) Dinosaurs may be long extinct, but 2025 made it abundantly clear that they're anything but settled science. Over the past year, new fossils, reanalyses of famous specimens and the use of increasingly sophisticated tools have continued to upend what we thought…...

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refractor.io > biology > lizards-body-armor-evolution

This animal's armor has upended a key law of evolution

2+ mon, 1+ week ago  (267+ words) For more than a century, biologists assumed that the bony plates embedded in the skin of lizards " like natural chain mail " were an ancient feature that some lineages inherited and others later lost. But new evidence suggests this is completely…...

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refractor.io > history > neanderthals-maggots-diet

Neanderthals weren’t picky meat eaters – they munched on maggots, too

2+ mon, 3+ week ago  (197+ words) Using chemical clues from Neanderthal bones, researchers have placed the species at the top of the food chain, alongside apex predators like lions " feasting on big animals such as mammoths or bison. However, experts have been missing out on one…...

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refractor.io > biology > the-worlds-oldest-known-vertebrates-had-two-pairs-of-eyes

The world’s oldest known vertebrates had two pairs of eyes

1+ mon, 1+ week ago  (350+ words) The earliest ancestors of all backboned animals, including humans, may have viewed the world with four eyes, not just two. The remnants of those extra eyes persist in the human brain today as the pineal organ, which is deep inside…...